Corruption as a social and governance problem in post-communist countries = Корупція як соціальна та управлінська проблема в посткомуністичних країнах

Abstract

The relevance of studying the issues of preventing corruption in postcommunist countries is substantiated. The aim of the study was to analyse the real and potential impact of corruption in post-communist countries on the course of reforms, to reveal the interaction of sustainable development and prevention of corruption and to draw attention to the need for an integrated approach to existing problems. The specifics of the anti-corruption struggle in the post-communist states, first of all in Poland, are traced from the point of view of the possibility of using the tested elements of the anti-corruption system in Ukraine. It is emphasized that the effective fight against corruption is an important basis for the prospect of EU membership, because despite the significant number of regulations and the creation of anti-corruption institutions, the level of corruption in Ukraine remains high and civil society does not have adequate influence on anti-corruption opinion and development and implementation of effective anti-corruption mechanisms. The conclusions state that the analysis of sustainable development strategies of postcommunist countries shows an increase in attention to ensuring good governance. Accordingly, there is a growing focus on identifying and addressing both positive influences and barriers, one of the most notable of which is corruption. At the same time, it is emphasized that political and mental changes are often underestimated, which negatively affects the solution of complex problems. The results of the study confirm the thesis about the need for comprehensive application of various measures to prevent corruption: political, legal, socio-economic and moral and ethical in a combination of preventive, organizational, managerial and punitive mechanisms. Prevention of corruption should combine human resource management and political, socio-economic, legal and ideological processes. In addition, from the point of view of public administration reform, anti-corruption measures of the authorities are one of the components of increasing the trust of citizens in them.

Метою дослідження є аналіз рівня корупції у посткомуністичних країнах та її впливу на соціально-економічні процеси. Автори здійснили спробу простежити ментальні основи, історичні корені корупції в Польщі, Болгарії та інших посткомуністичних країнах, етапи розвитку антикорупційної політики, її особливості в досліджуваних країнах, що важливо з точки зору виявлення можливості використання елементів системи протидії корупції зарубіжних країн в Україні.