В статье рассматривается сущность письменного перевода как специфического вида речевой деятельности. Определяется его роль и место среди видов речевой деятельности и конкретизируется степень репродуктивности / продуктивности. Характеризируются составляющие процесса письмен ного перевода: мотивы, цель, предмет, продукт, результат, средства, способы реализации. Описываются особенности и уровни переводческого понимания. Прослеживаются речемыслительные операции переводчика с позиций когнитивной лингвистики. Определяется речедеятельностная единица письменного перевода.

Introduction. The interdisciplinary nature of studying the translation process, which is viewed from the perspectives of psycholinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and language teaching methodology, and lack of scholars’ unanimity in approaching some controversial issues prove the necessity of getting a deeper insight into this problem. Purpose. To analyze the essence of translation as a specific type of speech activity, in particular, determine its place among other types of speech activity, concretize its status, characterize its constituents, and reveal the peculiarities of translator’s comprehension and cognitive mechanisms, as well as describe the speech unit of translation. Methods. Analysis of research findings in the areas of psycholinguistics, cognitive linguistics and language teaching methodology. Results. Translation refers to a speech activity type as it complies with its definition and is filled with the same psychological content comprising motives, aim, subject, product, result, means and ways of implementing. Translator’s comprehension is developed in six stages. Cognitive process of translation can be described through the notions of translation space and frame-based knowledge structuring. A speech unit of translation is a two-component structure consisting of inference-based sense verbal decision and speech communicative act. Conclusion. Translation is a specific bilingual receptive-reproductive / productive mediatory type of speech activity, based on reading and writing caused by a tree-fold aim. It implies intensive mental activity and different degree of reproductivity / productivity depending on its phase. Translation features peculiar comprehension and is characterized by an intermediary and secondary nature. The obtained findings can serve as a basis for determining knowledge, sub-skills and skills as components of translation competence and concretizing the stages of its development.

письмовий переклад

вид мовленнєвої діяльності

читання

письмо

репродуктивність

перекладацьке розуміння

type of speech activity

reading

writing

reproductivity

translator’s comprehension