The structural and design specifics of space grid systems = Конструктивні особливості просторових структурних систем

Abstract

The aim of the study is to identify the main trends in the development of space grid structures. To resolve this purpose was conducted review of the known structural concepts, nodal connections and specifics of the space grid structures, also conclusions have been about feasibility improvement of the considered structural concepts to develop the new kinds, without the drawbacks of analogues. Analysis of papers of foreign and domestic scientists that devoted to theoretical, numerical and experimental studies of stress-strain state, the influence of different factors on it, geometrical optimization and designing of space grid structures was conducted to achieve the objectives. The space grid structures, in particular the flat double-layer grid and most frequent nodes were studied. A full review of the history of development of space grid structures was conducted and there are present some important moments in paper. It was found that the rapid development of structural designs was caused by scientific and technical progress, in particular improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of materials, the development of calculation methods; the development of software systems for simulating the behaviour of the structure under load, which significantly increases the calculation accuracy and reduce the complexity of design. It is also found that the main parameters that have influence on effectiveness of structural designs are geometric dimensions of its modular elements, the ratio of its depth to the span. The world experience develop of connection components was studied. General classification of nodal connections is presented. The main advantages and disadvantages of existing space grid structures are highlighted, it allows finding possible ways to improve them. The main direction of improve of spatial grid structures consist in develop new kinds of node connections, it was found as the result of the theoretical research. Considering the results, a few ways to improvements nodes were proposed.